Tommy Gun Shooting - The gangsters of the 1920s and 30s fired a volley of bullets at G-Man in pursuit - that's the image in your mind you might have of the Tommy gun. But while the Thompson submachine gun was designed for the trenches of World War I and has a reputation as a gangster's weapon, it was on the battlefields of World War II that it earned its place in history. along with other most famous guns of all time. up to two million units were produced.
Brigadier General John Taliaferro Thompson, the force behind the Thompson gun, graduated from West Point in 1882. in Cuba. After the war, he became head of the small arms department of the Arms Department, where he was credited with selecting the .45 ACP cartridge — the same ammunition as his later assault rifle. (Tests involved shooting dead people and live livestock to find out which ammunition had the best stopping power. That was another time.) He also oversaw development of the company's new Springfield M1903 rifle. The Army and its use of the iconic Colt 1911 pistol.
Tommy Gun Shooting
When Thompson retired in November 1914, he took a job as chief design engineer at the Remington Arms Company. World War I broke out, and Thompson began trying to figure out how to break the terrible, deadly stalemate on the Western Front. He believed that mobile fire was key and that the U.S. military needed a "broom of the trenches," so in 1916 he began research into automatic weapons.
Review: Standard Manufacturing 1922 .22 Caliber Tommy Gun
His company Auto-Ordnance Corporation had the first prototypes in 1918. a light that [a soldier] could carry as he crawled on his stomach from trench to trench and with one hand. wipe out the whole company."
Thompson's design was based on a scientific principle put forward by Commander John Blish, a former US Navy officer. Blish found that when firing with a light load, some Navy heavy guns removed the stopper, while a heavier load, creating more pressure, held the latch tighter. He attributes this to the different metals used in the bar and rod block. He believes that under great pressure, two dissimilar metals can stick together better than two identical pieces of metal. He calls it the Blish Principle, around which he designed a bar block that can be used in small arms. He patented his idea in 1915 and Thompson purchased the rights to use the idea in his gun. Thompson used a small H-shaped copper block that was inserted into the gun's steel pin. According to Blish's principle, this will slow down the recoil of the latch.
There's just one problem: Scientifically, Bliss' principle of metal adhesion doesn't exist. In fact, the effect Blish sees is that his latch only adds mass to the gun's pin, which, in recoil guns, simply slows down the bolt's travel. People realized this during the Second World War, and the British army with Thompson's help often removed the Blish lock. Later, when Thompson was simplified to generate M1, the Blish key was also dropped.
With the Blish pin requiring only extra mass, the Thompson acts as a simple trigger like many other modern submachine guns, including the Soviet STEN, MP40 and PPSh-41. When the trigger is pulled, the latch is released, striking the barrel lock. That ignites the bullet in the chamber and fires the gun. The pressure from the fired bullet then pushes the Thompson pin back, unpacking and ejecting the used cartridge before the process repeats.
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Thompson himself was called up to the army when the United States entered World War I in 1917. He was promoted to brigadier general and served as director of the arsenal throughout the war. Thompson's early prototypes arrived too late to fight the war for which they were designed, but they were aptly named Persuader and Terminator. An early model was capable of firing up to 1,500 rounds per minute - an extremely difficult rate of fire to control. In 1919, the Thompson began to take on the familiar classic shape, and by 1921, Auto-Ordnance had improved its machine gun to the point of being ready for the market.
When the Great War ended, Thompson brought his gun to the civilian market, selling it as an "anti-robbery gun". Thompson went tirelessly to promote and publicize his gun and its capabilities. In 1921, he began a sales trip in Europe. The British were impressed with this machine, praising it for being practical and compact. But post-war budget constraints prevented any purchases. In 1927, Thompson tried again, demonstrating an improved model for the French army, but was less than impressed. Thompson found several US Postal customers who ordered 200 to protect mail from violent thieves.
Of course, that's not the end of the story. Thompson's high rate of fire and large magazine capacity made it a notorious weapon of choice for lawyers and gangsters throughout the 1920s and 1930s. Thompson quickly entered the language of pop culture. them like Tommy Guns or Chicago Typewriters. Two were used in the infamous Valentine's Day Massacre, when 70 rounds (a full 20-round box magazine and a 50-round empty magazine) were fired at seven Moran gang members in seconds. The likes of John Dillinger, Babyface Nelson, Barker Gang and Pretty Boy Floyd have all used Tommy Guns. And while Thompson also found himself in the hands of the law, he was forever tied to the gangsters of the Great Depression. (Although some police departments purchased Thompsons separately, it wasn't until 1935 that the FBI received 115 Thompsons in custom containers.)
The movies have done their part in creating the legend. During Hollywood's burgeoning years, Tommy Gunn became hugely popular on the silver screen, with popular gangster films about the charismatic outlaws running Thompson. However, by 1935, a set of guidelines called the Rules of Film Production had been introduced. In an effort to weed out outlaws, the law requires gangster movies to be shot from the G-Men's perspective. The thugs with automatic weapons can no longer be seen and Tommy Gun has become the FBI agent's on-screen weapon. This changed the tone of gangster movies with the iconic Tommy gun status helping to glorify the G-men rather than the gangster. Since then, Thompson has appeared in over a thousand films and television shows.
Gangsters Shooting Machine Gun
Although famous, business is not good. Thompson has the dubious honor of being one of the first firearms to comply with the National Firearms Act of 1934, which prohibits civilians in the United States from using automatic weapons and concealed weapons. Without a large-scale military contract, Thompson's company was in trouble. Only small batches of his assault rifles were purchased by the US Marines for use abroad. And so, despite decent civilian sales, Auto-Ordnance was on the verge of liquidation in 1929. The company was in a massive $2,200,000 debt.
The magazine described Thompson as "the deadliest weapon, pound by pound, devised by man." General Thompson's gun is about to face its biggest test yet. After the fall of France in June 1940, Britain needed all the weapons it could acquire and an open order was placed for the Thompson submachine gun. By April 1942, 100,000 Thompsons had arrived in England. They became a favorite target of the newly formed elite commando units, who used them in raids into occupied Europe. The United States Army officially adopted the Thompson in September 1938, but did not order any guns until the summer of 1939. But by February 1942, half a million Thompson had been produced.
A marine named Sgt. John Wisbur Bartlett Sr. 1st Marine Division hit a Japanese sniper with his gun while his companion crouched down for cover. The division is working to capture Vana Ridge before the town of Shuri. Okinawa, 1945.
The streamlined Thompson M1, and later the M1A1, will equip troops to fight in every battlefield from the Pacific to North Africa to Europe. This was the ultimate realization of General Thompson's dream of arming the US military with a small machine gun capable of delivering devastating firepower. However, Thompson himself did not live to see his weapons become a vital part of the Allied arsenal when he died in June 1940. But his weapons continued. and he served in Korea and Vietnam before being discharged from the US Army.
Gangster With Thompson Submachine Gun Royalty Free Vector
Matthew Moss is a British historian and writer specializing in small arms development, military history and current defense issues. He has written for various publications
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